MTD 248-645A Manual de usuario descargar pdf (Pagina 35)

Linux From Scratch - Version 7.0

Swapping is never good. Generally you can tell if a system is swapping by just listening to disk activity and observing

how the system reacts to commands. The first reaction to swapping should be to check for an unreasonable command

such as trying to edit a five gigabyte file. If swapping becomes a normal occurance, the best solution is to purchase

more RAM for your system.

2.2.1.3. Convenience Partitions

There are several other partitions that are not required, but should be considered when designing a disk layout. The

following list is not comprehensive, but is meant as a guide.

• /boot – Highly recommended. Use this partition to store kernels and other booting information. To minimize

potential boot problems with larger disks, make this the first physical partition on your first disk drive. A

partition size of 100 megabytes is quite adequate.

• /home – Highly recommended. Share your home directory and user customization across multiple distributions

or LFS builds. The size is generally fairly large and depends on available disk space.

• /usr – A separate /usr partition is generally used if providing a server for a thin client or diskless workstation. It

is normally not needed for LFS. A size of five gigabytes will handle most installations.

• /opt – This directory is most useful for BLFS where multiple installations of large packages like Gnome or KDE

can be installed without embedding the files in the /usr hierarchy. If used, five to ten gigabytes is generally

adequate.

• /tmp – A separate /tmp directory is rare, but useful if configuring a thin client. This partition, if used, will usually

not need to exceed a couple of gigabytes.

• /usr/src – This partition is very useful for providing a location to store BLFS source files and share them across

LFS builds. It can also be used as a location for building BLFS packages. A reasonably large partition of 30-50

gigabytes allows plenty of room.

Any separate partition that you want automatically mounted upon boot needs to be specified in the /etc/fstab.

Details about how to specify partitions will be discussed in Section 8.2, “Creating the /etc/fstab File”.

2.3. Creating a File System on the Partition

Now that a blank partition has been set up, the file system can be created. The most widely-used system in the Linux

world is the second extended file system (ext2), but with newer high-capacity hard disks, journaling file systems

are becoming increasingly popular. The third extended filesystem (ext3) is a widely used enhancement to ext2,

which adds journaling capabilities and is compatible with the E2fsprogs utilities. We will create an ext3 file system.

Instructions for creating other file systems can be found at http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/svn/postlfs/

filesystems.html.

To create an ext3 file system on the LFS partition, run the following:

mke2fs -jv /dev/<xxx>

Replace <xxx> with the name of the LFS partition (hda5 in our previous example).

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MTD 248-645A Manual de usuario Pagina 35