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Linux From Scratch - Version 7.0
222
8.3. Linux-3.1
The Linux package contains the Linux kernel.
Approximate build time: 1.0 - 5.0 SBU
Required disk space: 540 - 800 MB
8.3.1. Installation of the kernel
Building the kernel involves a few steps—configuration, compilation, and installation. Read the README file in the
kernel source tree for alternative methods to the way this book configures the kernel.
Prepare for compilation by running the following command:
make mrproper
This ensures that the kernel tree is absolutely clean. The kernel team recommends that this command be issued prior
to each kernel compilation. Do not rely on the source tree being clean after un-tarring.
Configure the kernel via a menu-driven interface. For general information on kernel configuration see http://
www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints/downloads/files/kernel-configuration.txt. BLFS has some information regarding
particular kernel configuration requirements of packages outside of LFS at http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/
view/svn/longindex.html#kernel-config-index:
make LANG=<host_LANG_value> LC_ALL= menuconfig
The meaning of the make parameters:
LANG=<host_LANG_value> LC_ALL=
This establishes the locale setting to the one used on the host. This is needed for a proper menuconfig ncurses
interface line drawing on UTF-8 linux text console.
Be sure to replace <host_LANG_value> by the value of the $LANG variable from your host. If not set, you
could use instead the host's value of $LC_ALL or $LC_CTYPE.
Alternatively, make oldconfig may be more appropriate in some situations. See the README file for more
information.
If desired, skip kernel configuration by copying the kernel config file, .config, from the host system (assuming it
is available) to the unpacked linux-3.1 directory. However, we do not recommend this option. It is often better
to explore all the configuration menus and create the kernel configuration from scratch.
Compile the kernel image and modules:
make
If using kernel modules, module configuration in /etc/modprobe.d may be required. Information pertaining to
modules and kernel configuration is located in Section 7.4, “Device and Module Handling on an LFS System” and
in the kernel documentation in the linux-3.1/Documentation directory. Also, modprobe.conf(5) may
be of interest.
Install the modules, if the kernel configuration uses them:
make modules_install
- Linux From Scratch 1
- All rights reserved 2
- Table of Contents 3
- Foreword 8
- Audience 8
- LFS Target Architectures 9
- LFS and Standards 10
- Prerequisites 15
- Host System Requirements 16
- Typography 19
- Part I. Introduction 21
- Chapter 1. Introduction 22
- Upgraded to: 23
- 1.3. Changelog 24
- 1.4. Resources 30
- 1.5. Help 31
- 1.5.3. Compilation Problems 32
- 2.1. Introduction 34
- 2.2. Creating a New Partition 34
- 3.1. Introduction 38
- 3.2. All Packages 38
- 3.3. Needed Patches 45
- Chapter 4. Final Preparations 47
- 4.3. Adding the LFS User 48
- 4.5. About SBUs 50
- 4.6. About the Test Suites 50
- 5.1. Introduction 52
- 5.5. GCC-4.6.1 - Pass 1 57
- 5.6. Linux-3.1 API Headers 59
- 5.7. Glibc-2.14.1 60
- 5.8. Adjusting the Toolchain 62
- 5.10. GCC-4.6.1 - Pass 2 66
- 5.11. Tcl-8.5.10 70
- 5.12. Expect-5.45 72
- 5.13. DejaGNU-1.5 74
- 5.14. Check-0.9.8 75
- 5.15. Ncurses-5.9 76
- 5.16. Bash-4.2 77
- 5.17. Bzip2-1.0.6 78
- 5.18. Coreutils-8.14 79
- 5.19. Diffutils-3.2 80
- 5.20. File-5.09 81
- 5.21. Findutils-4.4.2 82
- 5.22. Gawk-4.0.0 83
- 5.23. Gettext-0.18.1.1 84
- 5.24. Grep-2.9 85
- 5.25. Gzip-1.4 86
- 5.26. M4-1.4.16 87
- 5.27. Make-3.82 88
- 5.28. Patch-2.6.1 89
- 5.29. Perl-5.14.2 90
- 5.30. Sed-4.2.1 91
- 5.31. Tar-1.26 92
- 5.32. Texinfo-4.13a 93
- 5.33. Xz-5.0.3 94
- 5.34. Stripping 95
- 5.35. Changing Ownership 95
- 6.1. Introduction 97
- 6.3. Package Management 98
- 6.3.1. Upgrade Issues 99
- 6.3.2.4. Timestamp Based 100
- 6.5. Creating Directories 102
- 6.5.1. FHS Compliance Note 103
- 6.7. Linux-3.1 API Headers 105
- 6.8. Man-pages-3.35 106
- 6.9. Glibc-2.14.1 107
- Important 108
- 6.9.2. Configuring Glibc 109
- The meaning of the cp option: 110
- 6.9.4. Contents of Glibc 111
- 6.11. Zlib-1.2.5 116
- 6.12. File-5.09 117
- 6.13. Binutils-2.21.1a 118
- 6.13.2. Contents of Binutils 119
- 6.14. GMP-5.0.2 121
- 6.14.2. Contents of GMP 122
- 6.15. MPFR-3.1.0 123
- 6.16. MPC-0.9 124
- 6.17. GCC-4.6.1 125
- 6.17.2. Contents of GCC 128
- 6.18. Sed-4.2.1 130
- 6.19. Bzip2-1.0.6 131
- Short Descriptions 132
- 6.20. Ncurses-5.9 133
- 6.20.2. Contents of Ncurses 134
- 6.21. Util-linux-2.20 136
- 6.22. E2fsprogs-1.41.14 140
- 6.22.2. Contents of E2fsprogs 141
- 6.23. Coreutils-8.14 143
- 6.23.2. Contents of Coreutils 144
- 6.24. Iana-Etc-2.30 148
- 6.25. M4-1.4.16 149
- 6.26. Bison-2.5 150
- 6.27. Procps-3.2.8 151
- 6.28. Grep-2.9 153
- 6.29. Readline-6.2 154
- 6.29.2. Contents of Readline 155
- 6.30. Bash-4.2 156
- 6.30.2. Contents of Bash 157
- 6.31. Libtool-2.4 158
- 6.32. GDBM-1.9.1 159
- 6.33. Inetutils-1.8 160
- 6.33.2. Contents of Inetutils 161
- 6.34. Perl-5.14.2 162
- 6.34.2. Contents of Perl 163
- 6.35. Autoconf-2.68 165
- 6.36. Automake-1.11.1 166
- 6.37. Diffutils-3.2 168
- 6.38. Gawk-4.0.0 169
- 6.39. Findutils-4.4.2 170
- 6.40. Flex-2.5.35 172
- 6.40.2. Contents of Flex 173
- 6.41. Gettext-0.18.1.1 174
- 6.42. Groff-1.21 176
- 6.43. GRUB-1.99 179
- 6.44. Gzip-1.4 181
- 6.45. IPRoute2-2.6.39 183
- 6.46. Kbd-1.15.2 185
- 6.46.2. Contents of Kbd 186
- 6.47. Less-444 187
- 6.48. Libpipeline-1.2.0 188
- 6.49. Make-3.82 189
- 6.50. Xz-5.0.3 190
- 6.51. Man-DB-2.6.0.2 192
- 6.51.3. Contents of Man-DB 193
- 6.52. Module-Init-Tools-3.16 195
- 6.53. Patch-2.6.1 197
- 6.54. Psmisc-22.14 198
- 6.55. Shadow-4.1.4.3 199
- 6.55.2. Configuring Shadow 200
- 6.55.4. Contents of Shadow 200
- 6.56. Sysklogd-1.5 202
- 6.57. Sysvinit-2.88dsf 203
- 6.58. Tar-1.26 205
- 6.59. Texinfo-4.13a 206
- 6.60. Udev-173 208
- 6.60.2. Contents of Udev 209
- 6.61. Vim-7.3 211
- 6.61.2. Configuring Vim 212
- 6.61.3. Contents of Vim 213
- 6.62. About Debugging Symbols 214
- 6.63. Stripping Again 214
- 6.64. Cleaning Up 215
- 7.1. Introduction 216
- 7.4.1. History 220
- 7.4.2. Udev Implementation 220
- 7.4.2.2. Udev Bootscripts 221
- 7.4.2.3. Device Node Creation 221
- 7.4.2.4. Module Loading 221
- 7.4.4. Useful Reading 223
- 7.5.1. CD-ROM symlinks 223
- 7.6. LFS-Bootscripts-20111017 226
- 7.7.1. Configuring Sysvinit 229
- 7.7.2. Changing Run Levels 230
- 7.12. The rc.site File 234
- 8.1. Introduction 240
- 8.3. Linux-3.1 242
- 8.3.3. Contents of Linux 244
- 8.4.1. Introduction 245
- Chapter 9. The End 247
- 9.4. What Now? 248
- Part IV. Appendices 250
- Appendix B. Acknowledgments 254
- Former Project Team Members 255
- Appendix C. Dependencies 257
- Util-linux 265
- D.1. /etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 266
- D.2. /lib/lsb/init-functions 269
- D.6. /etc/rc.d/init.d/modules 299
- D.7. /etc/rc.d/init.d/udev 301
- D.8. /etc/rc.d/init.d/swap 302
- # 0 - No errors 305
- D.16. /etc/rc.d/init.d/sysctl 315
- D.20. /etc/rc.d/init.d/reboot 320
- D.21. /etc/rc.d/init.d/halt 321
- D.23. /etc/sysconfig/rc 323
- D.24. /etc/sysconfig/modules 323
- D.26. /sbin/ifup 324
- D.27. /sbin/ifdown 326
- E.1. 55-lfs.rules 332
- Appendix F. LFS Licenses 333
- F.2. The MIT License 337
- Packages 338
- Programs 339
- Libraries 346
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