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Linux From Scratch - Version 7.0

Chapter 2. Preparing a New Partition

2.1. Introduction

In this chapter, the partition which will host the LFS system is prepared. We will create the partition itself, create

a file system on it, and mount it.

2.2. Creating a New Partition

Like most other operating systems, LFS is usually installed on a dedicated partition. The recommended approach to

building an LFS system is to use an available empty partition or, if you have enough unpartitioned space, to create one.

A minimal system requires a partition of around 2.8 gigabytes (GB). This is enough to store all the source tarballs and

compile the packages. However, if the LFS system is intended to be the primary Linux system, additional software

will probably be installed which will require additional space. A 10GB partition is a reasonable size to provide for

growth. The LFS system itself will not take up this much room. A large portion of this requirement is to provide

sufficient free temporary storage. Compiling packages can require a lot of disk space which will be reclaimed after

the package is installed.

Because there is not always enough Random Access Memory (RAM) available for compilation processes, it is a good

idea to use a small disk partition as swap space. This is used by the kernel to store seldom-used data and leave more

memory available for active processes. The swap partition for an LFS system can be the same as the one used by

the host system, in which case it is not necessary to create another one.

Start a disk partitioning program such as cfdisk or fdisk with a command line option naming the hard disk on which

the new partition will be created—for example /dev/hda for the primary Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) disk.

Create a Linux native partition and a swap partition, if needed. Please refer to cfdisk(8) or fdisk(8) if you

do not yet know how to use the programs.

Remember the designation of the new partition (e.g., hda5). This book will refer to this as the LFS partition. Also

remember the designation of the swap partition. These names will be needed later for the /etc/fstab file.

2.2.1. Other Partition Issues

Requests for advice on system partitioning are often posted on the LFS mailing lists. This is a highly subjective topic.

The default for most distributions is to use the entire drive with the exception of one small swap partition. This is not

optimal for LFS for several reasons. It reduces flexibility, makes sharing of data across multiple distributions or LFS

builds more difficult, makes backups more time consuming, and can waste disk space through inefficient allocation

of file system structures.

2.2.1.1. The Root Partition

A root LFS partition (not to be confused with the /root directory) of ten gigabytes is a good compromise for most

systems. It provides enough space to build LFS and most of BLFS, but is small enough so that multiple partitions

can be easily created for experimentation.

2.2.1.2. The Swap Partition

Most distributions automatically create a swap partition. Generally the recommended size of the swap partition is

about twice the amount of physical RAM, however this is rarely needed. If disk space is limited, hold the swap

partition to two gigabytes and monitor the amount of disk swapping.

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MTD 248-645A Manual de usuario Pagina 34